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Project Fusion: where Science and Clinical Evidence meet
Making the unpredictable… predictable
Today, 1 in 3 lumbar spinal stenosis patients report treatment failure.¹ Yet despite 300+ bone grafts on the market, there is a paucity of published Level I evidence to guide better outcomes. So, what can we do to change this – for the benefit of patients, surgeons, and our broader global community?
This is the question that drives us at Kuros. Every day our team works across the globe to unlock the hidden secrets of bone healing through our research, development and technology program: Project Fusion.
To deliver the ideal bone graft, we believe you need the highest quality and quantity of scientific evidence behind it. Which is why Project Fusion brings together an unprecedented blend of scientific, preclinical and clinical studies – all aimed at making the unpredictable…predictable.
The goals of Project Fusion
Featured Clinical Research
Explore a selection of our most impactful peer-reviewed publications that consistently showcase strong clinical outcomes across MagnetOs formulations, indications, surgeons, and patient populations. These studies highlight the strength of our science and the real-world performance surgeons can expect from MagnetOs.
To dive deeper, scroll down to the Evidence Bibliography or our Evidence Hub for full access to our searchable research database.
Efficacy of biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic with a needle-shaped surface topography versus autograft in Instrumented PLF2
Dr. Moyo Kruyt
Utrecht, NetherlandsMagnetOs Granules PLF
- Level I human clinical study
- 91 patients, 1 in 5 patients were active smokers*
- 1 year fusion results by thin-cut CT
- 79% MagnetOs fusion rate vs. 47% autograft
- 74% MagnetOs vs. 30% autograft in smokers†3
- Spine 2024
Biphasic calcium phosphate bone graft with a unique surface topography: A single-center ambispective study for degenerative disease of the lumbar spine‡4
Dr. Pierce Nunley
Shreveport, LAMagnetOs Putty Lumbar Interbody
- 63 patients, 101 levels treated
- 31 patients had 3 or more comorbidities
- 90% fusion rate at 1 year
- Cureus 2024
Fusion rate of biphasic calcium phosphate bone graft with needle-shaped submicron topography in interbody lumbar fusion for degenerative disc disease: A single-center retrospective review‡5
Dr. Faheem Sandhu
Washington, DCMagnetOs Putty Lumbar Interbody
- 55 patients
- Patients averaged 3 comorbidities
- 95.7% fusion rate at 1 year
- World Neurosurgery 2025
A retrospective review of MagnetOsTM Easypack Putty bone graft used standalone in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion‡6
Dr. Justin Davis
Kansas City, KSMagnetOs Easypack Putty TLIF
- 20 patients, 36 levels
- 94.4% fusion rate at 1 year
- 65% obese, 35% diabetic, 30% previous lumbar surgery
- Orthopedic Reviews 2025
Evidence Bibliography
Level I Clinical Evidence
Level I, prospective, randomized controlled trials
Additional Clinical Evidence
Retrospective trials, case studies and white papers
Animal & Scientific Studies
Preclinical evidence
Clinical Storyboards
Highlighted case studies with imagery
Beyond MagnetOs
Research beyond MagnetOs authored by Kuros clinical leaders
Level I Clinical Evidence
Level I, prospective, randomized controlled trials
Peer-reviewed publication of a Level I human clinical trial (Spine 2024)
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A prospective, randomized, multi-center, intra-patient controlled human clinical trial of MagnetOs Granules versus autograft in instrumented posterolateral spinal fusion published in Spine.
Stempels, et al. Spine. 2024;49(19):1323-1331.
Level I: PROOF (Ongoing)
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A prospective, randomized, multi-center study of MagnetOs Easypack Putty compared to DBM mixed with autograft in patients undergoing up to two-level instrumented posterolateral lumbar fusion
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04679844
Level I: PRECISE (Ongoing)
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A prospective, randomized, multi-center study to assess the performance of MagnetOs Flex Matrix compared to a cell based allograft in patients undergoing up to four-level instrumented posterolateral lumbar fusion
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05037968
Additional Clinical Evidence
Retrospective trials, case studies and white papers
Retrospective: Lumbar interbodies, 92.73% fusion rate at one year, high risk patient cohorts, MagnetOs Putty
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Fusion rate of biphasic calcium phosphate bone graft with needle-shaped submicron surface topography in interbody lumbar fusion for degenerative disc disease: A single-center retrospective review.
Wakelin SH, Cobourn KD, Stirrat T, Sayah A, Sage K, Ryaby J, Sandhu FA. World Neurosurg. 2025;196:123759.
Retrospective: TLIFs, 94.4% fusion rate at one year, high risk patient cohorts, MagnetOs Putty
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A retrospective review of MagnetOs Easypack Putty bone graft used standalone in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.
Davis J, Everist B, Hatfield C, Sage K. Orthopedic Reviews. 2025;17.
Retrospective: Lumbar interbodies ALIF/LLIF, 90% fusion rate at one year, 49% high risk patient cohort, MagnetOs Putty
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Biphasic calcium phosphate bone graft with a unique surface topography: A single-center ambispective study for degenerative disease of the lumbar spine
P. Nunley. Cureus. 2024;16(4): e58218.
Retrospective: Foot and Ankle, MagnetOs Putty
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Arthrodesis of the subtalar joint using a novel biphasic calcium phosphate bone graft
T. Fusco. Foot and Ankle Surgery: Techniques, Reports & Cases. 2022;2(1).
Case Series: Foot and Ankle, MagnetOs Granules and Putty
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Clinical, radiographic, and histologic outcomes of ankle arthrodesis in a diabetic patient using a biphasic calcium phosphate bone graft with a novel submicron needle-shaped surface topography
T. Fusco. JOJ Case Stud. 2022;13(2).
Case Series: Cervical Posterior Fusion, MagnetOs Easypack Putty
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Early radiographic and clinical outcomes of three patients undergoing open instrumented posterolateral fusion surgery with MagnetOs Easypack Putty
C. Elia, Juniper Online Journal of Case Studies. 2024;14(4).
Case Series: PLF, MagnetOs Flex Matrix
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Early radiographic and clinical outcomes of five patients undergoing open instrumented posterolateral fusion surgery with MagnetOs Flex Matrix
Goodmanson R, Butrico C, Sage K. JOJ Case Stud. 2023; 14(3): 555886.
Case Series: PLF, MagnetOs Granules and Putty
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Effective use of a novel biphasic calcium phosphate with submicron surface topography in posterolateral spine fusion
A. Jones. JOJ Case Stud. 2021;12(2).
Case Series: PLF, MagnetOs Granules
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Posterior thoracolumbar hemivertebra resection and fusion with a biphasic calcium phosphate bone graft with a novel submicron surface topography
F. Sandhu. JOJ Case Stud. 2021;12(2).
Whitepaper: Interbody Fusion, MagnetOs Granules
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Use of novel biphasic calcium phosphate with submicron surface topography in interbody fusion
Spire Cardiff Hospital, UK
Whitepaper: PLF, MagnetOs Putty
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Use of a novel biphasic calcium phosphate with submicron surface topography as an extender to autograft in posterolateral spinal fusion
UCSD Orthopedic Surgery Department, CA
Animal & Scientific Studies
Preclinical evidence
Preclinical: Ovine, MagnetOs Putty
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MagnetOs, Vitoss® and Novabone® in a multi-endpoint, clinically-relevant ovine model of posterolateral spinal fusion
van Dijk et al. Clin Spine Surg. 2020; 33(6):E276-E287.
Preclinical: Canine, MagnetOs Granules
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Accelerated bone formation by biphasic calcium phosphate with a novel sub-micron surface topography promotes bone formation in soft tissues of canines without added cells or growth factors
Duan et al. Eur Cell Mater. 2019;28;37:60-73.
Preclinical: Ovine, MagnetOs Granules and Putty
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Biphasic calcium phosphate with submicron surface topography in an ovine model of instrumented posterolateral spinal fusion
van Dijk et al. JOR Spine. 2018;e1039.
Preclinical: Lapine, MagnetOs Granules and Putty
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Efficacy of a synthetic calcium phosphate with submicron surface topography as autograft extender in lapine posterolateral spinal fusion
van Dijk et al. J Biomed Mater Res. Part B: Appl Biomater. 2019; 107(6):2080-2090.
Scientific: In vitro, MagnetOs Granules
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Calcium phosphate with submicron topography influences primary human macrophage response, enhancing downstream angiogenesis and osteogenesis in vitro
van Dijk et al. Journal of Immunology and Regenerative Medicine. 2023; 19 (2023).
Scientific: Translational analysis, MagnetOs
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From benchtop to clinic: A translational analysis of the immune response to submicron topography and its relevance to bone healing
van Dijk,et al. eCM. 2021; 41:756-73.
Clinical Storyboards
Highlighted case studies with imagery
MagnetOs Easypack Putty in a 1-level TLIF and PLF with severe foraminal stenosis
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Dr. Kathryn McCarthy is a fellowship-trained orthopedic surgeon at Norton Leatherman Spine Center in Louisville, Kentucky. She has 12 years of practice, focusing on adult degenerative pathology and deformity cases throughout the spine.
In the interactive Clinical Storyboard below, one of Dr. McCarthy’s patients is followed before and after a fusion using MagnetOs Easypack Putty at 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 6 months.
MagnetOs Easypack Putty in a First Metatarsal-Phalangeal (MTP) Fusion
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Dr. Anthony (Bobby) Ndu is an orthopedic surgeon at Penn Medicine. Dr. Ndu treats a wide range of foot and ankle conditions, with a particular interest in hind foot reconstruction and flat foot correction.
In the interactive Clinical Storyboard below, one of Dr. Ndu’s patients is followed before and after fusion using MagnetOs Easypack Putty standalone for a first Metatarsophalangeal (MTP) fusion.
MagnetOs Flex Matrix in 2-level TLIF and PLF with grade 1 spondylolisthesis involving L4-5 with associated severe stenosis
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Dr. Kathryn McCarthy is a fellowship-trained orthopedic surgeon at Norton Leatherman Spine Center in Louisville, Kentucky. She has 12 years of practice, focusing on adult degenerative pathology and deformity cases throughout the spine.
In the interactive Clinical Storyboard below, one of Dr. McCarthy’s patients is followed before and after a fusion using MagnetOs Flex Matrix at 6 weeks, 12 weeks, 9 and 18 months.
Beyond MagnetOs
Research beyond MagnetOs authored by Kuros clinical leaders
Patient comorbidities, their influence on lumbar spinal fusion surgery, and recommendations to reduce unfavorable outcomes
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Managing patients with multiple comorbidities requires additional resources, augmenting the financial and societal burden. Despite the high risk of complications and mortality, patients with multiple comorbidities undergo spinal surgery for degenerative spinal conditions daily. These findings highlight the need for heightened awareness, patient education, and management of comorbidities before elective spinal surgeries. This article comprehensively reviews literature on the effects of medical comorbidities on spinal fusion surgery outcomes to increase awareness of the surgical complications associated with comorbidities. In addition, suggested preoperative and postoperative comorbidity management strategies are outlined.
Butrico C, et al. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2024;32(24):1115-1121.
Explore the Evidence Hub
Discover the evidence that sets MagnetOs apart — customize your search using the filters below or scroll down to book a Meet the Expert session for a personalized, collaborative experience.
Meet with an expert
Are you a surgeon that would like to understand more about how the body’s immune system can be modulated to eliminate non-unions? Simply book a slot with one of our scientists or surgeons below. Once signed up, you will receive an email confirming your appointment and how to join the online meeting. We look forward to speaking with you!
Dr. Luuk van Dijk, Director Scientific Affairs
Europe
Dr. Luuk van Dijk holds a PhD degree in calcium phosphate ceramics and a Masters degree in Regenerative Medicine and Technology, both from the University Medical Center Utrecht. He joined Kuros in 2015 and has worked for years as a researcher in the R&D department and at the University Medical Center Utrecht.
Dr. Casey Hatfield, Director Scientific Affairs
United States
Dr. Hatfield obtained her PhD in Microbiology and Immunology from Vanderbilt University. Her PhD research focused on identifying the influence of inflammation on osteoimmunology and bone regeneration. Dr. Hatfield’s research experiences led to her passion for communicating scientific data and the clinical efficacy of advanced bone grafts to healthcare providers.
Dr. Thomas Spoonmore, Medical Science Liaison
United States
Dr. Spoonmore obtained his PhD in Chemical Engineering from Vanderbilt University. His PhD research focused on dual purpose bone grafts to regenerate bone tissue and eradicate biofilm infections. Dr. Spoonmore is passionate about communicating the science behind the best bone grafts for physicians to maximize successful outcomes for their patients.
Dr. Laura Bilek, Medical Science Liaison
United States
Dr. Bilek is a Physical Therapist with a PhD in Medical Sciences from the University of Nebraska Medical Center. For many years, she conducted clinical research focused on bone health across the lifespan. While she found research deeply rewarding, Dr. Bilek joined Kuros to translate science and evidence to healthcare providers in order to more directly impact patient outcomes.
Ceri-Anne Suurmond, Medical Science Liaison
Europe
Ceri-Anne is a PhD Candidate at Radboud University Medical Center in the Netherlands, where her research focuses on bifunctional biomaterials for treating bone defects after cancer resection and on developing new bone metastasis models to evaluate these materials. She earned her Master’s degree in Biomedical Engineering with a track in Bionanotechnology and Advanced Biomanufacturing from the University of Twente, where her thesis explored molecular crowding in 3D-cultured models.
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* 19 of initial 100 patients were active smokers
†Radiographic fusion data of the smoker subgroup were not statistically analyzed as a subgroup and were not included in the peer-reviewed publication of the study2
‡ When used in intervertebral body fusion procedures, MagnetOs must be used with an intervertebral body fusion device cleared by FDA for use with a bone void filler.
- Madsbu, et al. Spine J. 2022;22(12):1871-1878.
- Stempels, et al. Spine. 2024;49(19):1323-1331.
- Van Dijk, LA. 24th SGS Annual Meeting (SwissSociety of Spinal Surgery). Basel, Switzerland. Aug 2024.
- Nunley, et al. Cureus. 2024.
- Wakelin, et al. World Neurosurgery. 2025.
- Davis, J. et al. Orthopedic Reviews. 2025.
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